Acne and PCOS
Why It Happens, and How You Can Prevent It
For women suffering from acne due to PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), they know what a pain it can be to get rid of it. Fact is, regular acne products such as ProActiv and Neutrogena just won't solve the problem because what's causing the breakouts is an imbalance of hormones, not just simply pores becoming clogged.
Hormone Imbalances and Acne
Women with PCOS have elevated androgens. Androgens are male hormones (the most common type being testosterone), and can be linked to cases of acne. This testosterone (which is released from the ovaries) works with 5a reductase (an enzyme) to create di-hydrotestosterone (a metabolite of testosterone), which stimulates oil gland activity. Since more oil is being created, it results in acne breakouts all over the skin; not just the face. A theory for the cause of these raised androgen levels is insulin resistance.
To counteract these effects, a way to alleviate symptoms is to watch the sugar intake. While it is a myth that eating greasy foods and chocolate cause acne by itself, what is or is not consumed can actually be part of the problem for women with PCOS. Sugar, when ingested, heads into the bloodstream. This alerts the body to release insulin. It, too, will head into the bloodstream and go into "insulin receptors" in the cells, which will in turn allow the sugar to be used for energy or fat, if need be. When someone is insulin resistant her body no longer accepts the insulin. Therefore, there is a high amount of sugar (or glucose) and insulin in the bloodstream because it has nowhere else to go. A high amount of sugar and insulin can also cause an imbalance in other hormones, which could cause other symptoms of PCOS.
Balancing the Hormones
So, how does one go about relieving these symptoms? Well, there are several different ways to fight the acne caused by PCOS: the first of which being the diet. As was mentioned, sugar is something to avoid. Sugar substitutes are a good place to start, though some of them aren't quite as ideal as they appear, so be sure to learn all there is about sugar alternatives (for more information: Healthier Alternatives to Sugar). Additionally, it has been suggested that dairy may be a cause of acne. Cow milk contains androgen precursors; which means that ultimately, they will turn to androgens in the body, and it is advisable to avoid consuming dairy. That may seem daunting at first, but there is always a wide range of substitutes, such as soy, oat, rice, almond, and even hemp milk (and in some cases, yogurt and cheese as well).
For those that aren't relishing the idea of making dramatic changes to their diet, birth control and vitamins are also suggestions. A doctor will need to prescribe any kind of contraceptive, but Dianette and Yasmin seem to be the usual for their anti-androgenic properties. Results vary, and can take up to six months before skin is clear.
Vitamins, on the other hand, can be easily purchased at places such as Wal-Mart and Target. One such vitamin is a mineral known as Zinc. There are many advantages to taking Zinc, such as helping to prevent cancer and treating rheumatoid arthritis, in addition to the treatment of acne. Sources of Zinc can be found in some foods, including whole grains, tofu, green beans, and miso. If Zinc sounds like a good route, it is suggested to take fifteen milligrams, and with a meal, as Zinc can upset the stomach. Also, too much Zinc can cause a copper deficiency, so taking Copper in addition to the Zinc is advised.
Other suggested supplements include Saw Palmetto (especially for those with high androgen levels and/or suffering male pattern hair growth) and Inositol. As always, seek medical advice before attempting any new regimen.
Sources:
- Harris, Colette, and Theresa Cheung. "The Ultimate PCOS Handbook: Lose Weight, Boost Fertility, Clear Skin, and Restore Self-Esteem." San Francisco, CA: Conari Press, 2008. 152-163
- Acne and PCOS
- Boss, Angela, Evelina Weildman Sterling, with Richard S. Legro, MD. "Living with PCOS." Omaha, Nebraska: Addicus Books, 2001.
- What Women Need to Know About Acne and PCOS
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